FFmpeg coverage

Directory: ../../../ffmpeg/
File: src/libavcodec/ralf.c
Date: 2025-07-28 20:30:09
Exec Total Coverage
Lines: 239 288 83.0%
Functions: 8 9 88.9%
Branches: 123 168 73.2%
Line Branch Exec Source
1 /*
2 * RealAudio Lossless decoder
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2012 Konstantin Shishkov
5 *
6 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 *
8 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
10 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
11 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 *
13 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 *
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
19 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
20 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
21 */
22
23 /**
24 * @file
25 * This is a decoder for Real Audio Lossless format.
26 * Dedicated to the mastermind behind it, Ralph Wiggum.
27 */
28
29 #include "libavutil/attributes.h"
30 #include "libavutil/channel_layout.h"
31 #include "avcodec.h"
32 #include "codec_internal.h"
33 #include "decode.h"
34 #include "get_bits.h"
35 #include "golomb.h"
36 #include "unary.h"
37 #include "ralfdata.h"
38
39 #define FILTER_NONE 0
40 #define FILTER_RAW 642
41
42 typedef struct VLCSet {
43 VLC filter_params;
44 VLC bias;
45 VLC coding_mode;
46 VLC filter_coeffs[10][11];
47 VLC short_codes[15];
48 VLC long_codes[125];
49 } VLCSet;
50
51 #define RALF_MAX_PKT_SIZE 8192
52
53 typedef struct RALFContext {
54 int version;
55 int max_frame_size;
56 VLCSet sets[3];
57 int32_t channel_data[2][4096];
58
59 int filter_params; ///< combined filter parameters for the current channel data
60 int filter_length; ///< length of the filter for the current channel data
61 int filter_bits; ///< filter precision for the current channel data
62 int32_t filter[64];
63
64 unsigned bias[2]; ///< a constant value added to channel data after filtering
65
66 int sample_offset;
67 int block_size[1 << 12]; ///< size of the blocks
68 int block_pts[1 << 12]; ///< block start time (in milliseconds)
69
70 uint8_t pkt[16384];
71 int has_pkt;
72 } RALFContext;
73
74 #define MAX_ELEMS 644 // no RALF table uses more than that
75
76 1518 static av_cold int init_ralf_vlc(VLC *vlc, const uint8_t *data, int elems)
77 {
78 uint8_t lens[MAX_ELEMS];
79 uint16_t codes[MAX_ELEMS];
80 int counts[17], prefixes[18];
81 int i, cur_len;
82 1518 int max_bits = 0;
83 1518 int nb = 0;
84
85
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 27324 for (i = 0; i <= 16; i++)
86 25806 counts[i] = 0;
87
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 382086 for (i = 0; i < elems; i++) {
88
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 380568 cur_len = (nb ? *data & 0xF : *data >> 4) + 1;
89 380568 counts[cur_len]++;
90 380568 max_bits = FFMAX(max_bits, cur_len);
91 380568 lens[i] = cur_len;
92 380568 data += nb;
93 380568 nb ^= 1;
94 }
95 1518 prefixes[1] = 0;
96
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 25806 for (i = 1; i <= 16; i++)
97 24288 prefixes[i + 1] = (prefixes[i] + counts[i]) << 1;
98
99
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 382086 for (i = 0; i < elems; i++)
100 380568 codes[i] = prefixes[lens[i]]++;
101
102 1518 return ff_vlc_init_sparse(vlc, FFMIN(max_bits, 9), elems,
103 lens, 1, 1, codes, 2, 2, NULL, 0, 0, 0);
104 }
105
106 2 static av_cold int decode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
107 {
108 2 RALFContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
109 int i, j, k;
110
111
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 8 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
112 6 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].filter_params);
113 6 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].bias);
114 6 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].coding_mode);
115
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116
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 720 for (k = 0; k < 11; k++)
117 660 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].filter_coeffs[j][k]);
118
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 96 for (j = 0; j < 15; j++)
119 90 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].short_codes[j]);
120
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 756 for (j = 0; j < 125; j++)
121 750 ff_vlc_free(&ctx->sets[i].long_codes[j]);
122 }
123
124 2 return 0;
125 }
126
127 2 static av_cold int decode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
128 {
129 2 RALFContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
130 int i, j, k;
131 int ret, channels;
132
133
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 2 if (avctx->extradata_size < 24 || memcmp(avctx->extradata, "LSD:", 4)) {
134 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Extradata is not groovy, dude\n");
135 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
136 }
137
138 2 ctx->version = AV_RB16(avctx->extradata + 4);
139
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 2 if (ctx->version != 0x103) {
140 ✗ avpriv_request_sample(avctx, "Unknown version %X", ctx->version);
141 ✗ return AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
142 }
143
144 2 channels = AV_RB16(avctx->extradata + 8);
145 2 avctx->sample_rate = AV_RB32(avctx->extradata + 12);
146
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 2 if (channels < 1 || channels > 2
147
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 2 || avctx->sample_rate < 8000 || avctx->sample_rate > 96000) {
148 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid coding parameters %d Hz %d ch\n",
149 avctx->sample_rate, channels);
150 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
151 }
152 2 avctx->sample_fmt = AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16P;
153 2 av_channel_layout_uninit(&avctx->ch_layout);
154 2 av_channel_layout_default(&avctx->ch_layout, channels);
155
156 2 ctx->max_frame_size = AV_RB32(avctx->extradata + 16);
157
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 2 if (ctx->max_frame_size > (1 << 20) || !ctx->max_frame_size) {
158 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "invalid frame size %d\n",
159 ctx->max_frame_size);
160 }
161 2 ctx->max_frame_size = FFMAX(ctx->max_frame_size, avctx->sample_rate);
162
163
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 8 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
164 6 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].filter_params, filter_param_def[i],
165 FILTERPARAM_ELEMENTS);
166
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 6 if (ret < 0)
167 ✗ return ret;
168 6 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].bias, bias_def[i], BIAS_ELEMENTS);
169
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 6 if (ret < 0)
170 ✗ return ret;
171 6 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].coding_mode, coding_mode_def[i],
172 CODING_MODE_ELEMENTS);
173
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 6 if (ret < 0)
174 ✗ return ret;
175
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 66 for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
176
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 720 for (k = 0; k < 11; k++) {
177 660 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].filter_coeffs[j][k],
178 660 filter_coeffs_def[i][j][k],
179 FILTER_COEFFS_ELEMENTS);
180
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 660 if (ret < 0)
181 ✗ return ret;
182 }
183 }
184
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 96 for (j = 0; j < 15; j++) {
185 90 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].short_codes[j],
186 90 short_codes_def[i][j], SHORT_CODES_ELEMENTS);
187
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 90 if (ret < 0)
188 ✗ return ret;
189 }
190
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 756 for (j = 0; j < 125; j++) {
191 750 ret = init_ralf_vlc(&ctx->sets[i].long_codes[j],
192 750 long_codes_def[i][j], LONG_CODES_ELEMENTS);
193
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 750 if (ret < 0)
194 ✗ return ret;
195 }
196 }
197
198 2 return 0;
199 }
200
201 869132 static inline int extend_code(GetBitContext *gb, int val, int range, int bits)
202 {
203
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 869132 if (val == 0) {
204 7368 val = -range - get_ue_golomb(gb);
205
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 861764 } else if (val == range * 2) {
206 4328 val = range + get_ue_golomb(gb);
207 } else {
208 857436 val -= range;
209 }
210
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 869132 if (bits)
211 3852 val = ((unsigned)val << bits) | get_bits(gb, bits);
212 869132 return val;
213 }
214
215 430 static int decode_channel(RALFContext *ctx, GetBitContext *gb, int ch,
216 int length, int mode, int bits)
217 {
218 int i, t;
219 int code_params;
220 430 VLCSet *set = ctx->sets + mode;
221 VLC *code_vlc; int range, range2, add_bits;
222 430 int *dst = ctx->channel_data[ch];
223
224 430 ctx->filter_params = get_vlc2(gb, set->filter_params.table, 9, 2);
225
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 430 if (ctx->filter_params > 1) {
226 430 ctx->filter_bits = (ctx->filter_params - 2) >> 6;
227 430 ctx->filter_length = ctx->filter_params - (ctx->filter_bits << 6) - 1;
228 }
229
230
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 430 if (ctx->filter_params == FILTER_RAW) {
231 ✗ for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
232 ✗ dst[i] = get_bits(gb, bits);
233 ✗ ctx->bias[ch] = 0;
234 ✗ return 0;
235 }
236
237 430 ctx->bias[ch] = get_vlc2(gb, set->bias.table, 9, 2);
238 430 ctx->bias[ch] = extend_code(gb, ctx->bias[ch], 127, 4);
239
240
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 430 if (ctx->filter_params == FILTER_NONE) {
241 ✗ memset(dst, 0, sizeof(*dst) * length);
242 ✗ return 0;
243 }
244
245
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 430 if (ctx->filter_params > 1) {
246 430 int cmode = 0, coeff = 0;
247 430 VLC *vlc = set->filter_coeffs[ctx->filter_bits] + 5;
248
249 430 add_bits = ctx->filter_bits;
250
251
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 3852 for (i = 0; i < ctx->filter_length; i++) {
252 3422 t = get_vlc2(gb, vlc[cmode].table, vlc[cmode].bits, 2);
253 3422 t = extend_code(gb, t, 21, add_bits);
254
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 3422 if (!cmode)
255 771 coeff -= 12U << add_bits;
256 3422 coeff = (unsigned)t - coeff;
257 3422 ctx->filter[i] = coeff;
258
259 3422 cmode = coeff >> add_bits;
260
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 3422 if (cmode < 0) {
261 1485 cmode = -1 - av_log2(-cmode);
262
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 1485 if (cmode < -5)
263 4 cmode = -5;
264
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 1937 } else if (cmode > 0) {
265 1512 cmode = 1 + av_log2(cmode);
266
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 1512 if (cmode > 5)
267 2 cmode = 5;
268 }
269 }
270 }
271
272 430 code_params = get_vlc2(gb, set->coding_mode.table, set->coding_mode.bits, 2);
273
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 430 if (code_params >= 15) {
274 430 add_bits = av_clip((code_params / 5 - 3) / 2, 0, 10);
275
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 430 if (add_bits > 9 && (code_params % 5) != 2)
276 ✗ add_bits--;
277 430 range = 10;
278 430 range2 = 21;
279 430 code_vlc = set->long_codes + (code_params - 15);
280 } else {
281 ✗ add_bits = 0;
282 ✗ range = 6;
283 ✗ range2 = 13;
284 ✗ code_vlc = set->short_codes + code_params;
285 }
286
287
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 433070 for (i = 0; i < length; i += 2) {
288 int code1, code2;
289
290 432640 t = get_vlc2(gb, code_vlc->table, code_vlc->bits, 2);
291 432640 code1 = t / range2;
292 432640 code2 = t % range2;
293 432640 dst[i] = extend_code(gb, code1, range, 0) * (1U << add_bits);
294 432640 dst[i + 1] = extend_code(gb, code2, range, 0) * (1U << add_bits);
295
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 432640 if (add_bits) {
296 432640 dst[i] |= get_bits(gb, add_bits);
297 432640 dst[i + 1] |= get_bits(gb, add_bits);
298 }
299 }
300
301 430 return 0;
302 }
303
304 430 static void apply_lpc(RALFContext *ctx, int ch, int length, int bits)
305 {
306 int i, j, acc;
307 430 int *audio = ctx->channel_data[ch];
308 430 int bias = 1 << (ctx->filter_bits - 1);
309 430 int max_clip = (1 << bits) - 1, min_clip = -max_clip - 1;
310
311
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 865280 for (i = 1; i < length; i++) {
312 864850 int flen = FFMIN(ctx->filter_length, i);
313
314 864850 acc = 0;
315
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 8637783 for (j = 0; j < flen; j++)
316 7772933 acc += (unsigned)ctx->filter[j] * audio[i - j - 1];
317
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 864850 if (acc < 0) {
318 430200 acc = (acc + bias - 1) >> ctx->filter_bits;
319 430200 acc = FFMAX(acc, min_clip);
320 } else {
321 434650 acc = ((unsigned)acc + bias) >> ctx->filter_bits;
322 434650 acc = FFMIN(acc, max_clip);
323 }
324 864850 audio[i] += acc;
325 }
326 430 }
327
328 215 static int decode_block(AVCodecContext *avctx, GetBitContext *gb,
329 int16_t *dst0, int16_t *dst1)
330 {
331 215 RALFContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
332 int len, ch, ret;
333 int dmode, mode[2], bits[2];
334 int *ch0, *ch1;
335 int i;
336 unsigned int t, t2;
337
338 215 len = 12 - get_unary(gb, 0, 6);
339
340
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 215 if (len <= 7) len ^= 1; // codes for length = 6 and 7 are swapped
341 215 len = 1 << len;
342
343
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 215 if (ctx->sample_offset + len > ctx->max_frame_size) {
344 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
345 "Decoder's stomach is crying, it ate too many samples\n");
346 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
347 }
348
349
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 215 if (avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels > 1)
350 215 dmode = get_bits(gb, 2) + 1;
351 else
352 ✗ dmode = 0;
353
354 215 mode[0] = (dmode == 4) ? 1 : 0;
355
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 215 mode[1] = (dmode >= 2) ? 2 : 0;
356 215 bits[0] = 16;
357
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 215 bits[1] = (mode[1] == 2) ? 17 : 16;
358
359
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 645 for (ch = 0; ch < avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels; ch++) {
360
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 430 if ((ret = decode_channel(ctx, gb, ch, len, mode[ch], bits[ch])) < 0)
361 ✗ return ret;
362
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 430 if (ctx->filter_params > 1 && ctx->filter_params != FILTER_RAW) {
363 430 ctx->filter_bits += 3;
364 430 apply_lpc(ctx, ch, len, bits[ch]);
365 }
366
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 430 if (get_bits_left(gb) < 0)
367 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
368 }
369 215 ch0 = ctx->channel_data[0];
370 215 ch1 = ctx->channel_data[1];
371
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 215 switch (dmode) {
372 ✗ case 0:
373 ✗ for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
374 ✗ dst0[i] = ch0[i] + ctx->bias[0];
375 ✗ break;
376 2 case 1:
377
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 8194 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
378 8192 dst0[i] = ch0[i] + ctx->bias[0];
379 8192 dst1[i] = ch1[i] + ctx->bias[1];
380 }
381 2 break;
382 79 case 2:
383
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 179535 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
384 179456 ch0[i] += ctx->bias[0];
385 179456 dst0[i] = ch0[i];
386 179456 dst1[i] = ch0[i] - (ch1[i] + ctx->bias[1]);
387 }
388 79 break;
389 43 case 3:
390
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 60715 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
391 60672 t = ch0[i] + ctx->bias[0];
392 60672 t2 = ch1[i] + ctx->bias[1];
393 60672 dst0[i] = t + t2;
394 60672 dst1[i] = t;
395 }
396 43 break;
397 91 case 4:
398
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 184411 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
399 184320 t = ch1[i] + ctx->bias[1];
400 184320 t2 = ((ch0[i] + ctx->bias[0]) * 2) | (t & 1);
401 184320 dst0[i] = (int)(t2 + t) / 2;
402 184320 dst1[i] = (int)(t2 - t) / 2;
403 }
404 91 break;
405 }
406
407 215 ctx->sample_offset += len;
408
409 215 return 0;
410 }
411
412 191 static int decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVFrame *frame,
413 int *got_frame_ptr, AVPacket *avpkt)
414 {
415 191 RALFContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
416 int16_t *samples0;
417 int16_t *samples1;
418 int ret;
419 GetBitContext gb;
420 int table_size, table_bytes, num_blocks;
421 const uint8_t *src, *block_pointer;
422 int src_size;
423 int bytes_left;
424
425
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 191 if (ctx->has_pkt) {
426 39 ctx->has_pkt = 0;
427 39 table_bytes = (AV_RB16(avpkt->data) + 7) >> 3;
428
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 39 if (table_bytes + 3 > avpkt->size || avpkt->size > RALF_MAX_PKT_SIZE) {
429 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Wrong packet's breath smells of wrong data!\n");
430 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
431 }
432
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 39 if (memcmp(ctx->pkt, avpkt->data, 2 + table_bytes)) {
433 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Wrong packet tails are wrong!\n");
434 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
435 }
436
437 39 src = ctx->pkt;
438 39 src_size = RALF_MAX_PKT_SIZE + avpkt->size;
439 39 memcpy(ctx->pkt + RALF_MAX_PKT_SIZE, avpkt->data + 2 + table_bytes,
440 39 avpkt->size - 2 - table_bytes);
441 } else {
442
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 152 if (avpkt->size == RALF_MAX_PKT_SIZE) {
443 39 memcpy(ctx->pkt, avpkt->data, avpkt->size);
444 39 ctx->has_pkt = 1;
445 39 *got_frame_ptr = 0;
446
447 39 return avpkt->size;
448 }
449 113 src = avpkt->data;
450 113 src_size = avpkt->size;
451 }
452
453
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 152 if (src_size < 5) {
454 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "too short packets are too short!\n");
455 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
456 }
457 152 table_size = AV_RB16(src);
458 152 table_bytes = (table_size + 7) >> 3;
459
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 152 if (src_size < table_bytes + 3) {
460 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "short packets are short!\n");
461 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
462 }
463 152 init_get_bits(&gb, src + 2, table_size);
464 152 num_blocks = 0;
465
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 368 while (get_bits_left(&gb) > 0) {
466
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 216 if (num_blocks >= FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(ctx->block_size))
467 ✗ return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
468 216 ctx->block_size[num_blocks] = get_bits(&gb, 13 + avctx->ch_layout.nb_channels);
469
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 216 if (get_bits1(&gb)) {
470 64 ctx->block_pts[num_blocks] = get_bits(&gb, 9);
471 } else {
472 152 ctx->block_pts[num_blocks] = 0;
473 }
474 216 num_blocks++;
475 }
476
477 152 frame->nb_samples = ctx->max_frame_size;
478
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 152 if ((ret = ff_get_buffer(avctx, frame, 0)) < 0)
479 ✗ return ret;
480 152 samples0 = (int16_t *)frame->data[0];
481 152 samples1 = (int16_t *)frame->data[1];
482 152 block_pointer = src + table_bytes + 2;
483 152 bytes_left = src_size - table_bytes - 2;
484 152 ctx->sample_offset = 0;
485
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 367 for (int i = 0; i < num_blocks; i++) {
486
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 216 if (bytes_left < ctx->block_size[i]) {
487 1 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "I'm pedaling backwards\n");
488 1 break;
489 }
490 215 init_get_bits(&gb, block_pointer, ctx->block_size[i] * 8);
491
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 215 if (decode_block(avctx, &gb, samples0 + ctx->sample_offset,
492 215 samples1 + ctx->sample_offset) < 0) {
493 ✗ av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Sir, I got carsick in your office. Not decoding the rest of packet.\n");
494 ✗ break;
495 }
496 215 block_pointer += ctx->block_size[i];
497 215 bytes_left -= ctx->block_size[i];
498 }
499
500 152 frame->nb_samples = ctx->sample_offset;
501 152 *got_frame_ptr = ctx->sample_offset > 0;
502
503 152 return avpkt->size;
504 }
505
506 ✗ static void decode_flush(AVCodecContext *avctx)
507 {
508 ✗ RALFContext *ctx = avctx->priv_data;
509
510 ✗ ctx->has_pkt = 0;
511 ✗ }
512
513
514 const FFCodec ff_ralf_decoder = {
515 .p.name = "ralf",
516 CODEC_LONG_NAME("RealAudio Lossless"),
517 .p.type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
518 .p.id = AV_CODEC_ID_RALF,
519 .priv_data_size = sizeof(RALFContext),
520 .init = decode_init,
521 .close = decode_close,
522 FF_CODEC_DECODE_CB(decode_frame),
523 .flush = decode_flush,
524 .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_CHANNEL_CONF |
525 AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1,
526 CODEC_SAMPLEFMTS(AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16P),
527 .caps_internal = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,
528 };
529