FFmpeg coverage


Directory: ../../../ffmpeg/
File: src/libavcodec/gif.c
Date: 2025-10-10 03:51:19
Exec Total Coverage
Lines: 218 289 75.4%
Functions: 10 11 90.9%
Branches: 131 218 60.1%

Line Branch Exec Source
1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 2000 Fabrice Bellard
3 * Copyright (c) 2002 Francois Revol
4 * Copyright (c) 2006 Baptiste Coudurier
5 * Copyright (c) 2018 Bjorn Roche
6 * Copyright (c) 2018 Paul B Mahol
7 *
8 * first version by Francois Revol <revol@free.fr>
9 *
10 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
11 *
12 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
13 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
14 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
15 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
16 *
17 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
20 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
21 *
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
23 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
24 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
25 */
26
27 /**
28 * @file
29 * GIF encoder
30 * @see http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt
31 */
32
33 #include "libavutil/attributes.h"
34 #include "libavutil/imgutils_internal.h"
35 #include "libavutil/mem.h"
36 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
37 #include "avcodec.h"
38 #include "bytestream.h"
39 #include "codec_internal.h"
40 #include "encode.h"
41 #include "lzw.h"
42 #include "gif.h"
43
44 #define DEFAULT_TRANSPARENCY_INDEX 0x1f
45
46 typedef struct GIFContext {
47 const AVClass *class;
48 LZWState *lzw;
49 uint8_t *buf;
50 uint8_t *shrunk_buf;
51 int buf_size;
52 AVFrame *last_frame;
53 int flags;
54 int image;
55 int use_global_palette;
56 uint32_t palette[AVPALETTE_COUNT]; ///< local reference palette for !pal8
57 int palette_loaded;
58 int transparent_index;
59 uint8_t *tmpl; ///< temporary line buffer
60 } GIFContext;
61
62 enum {
63 GF_OFFSETTING = 1<<0,
64 GF_TRANSDIFF = 1<<1,
65 };
66
67 1 static void shrink_palette(const uint32_t *src, uint8_t *map,
68 uint32_t *dst, size_t *palette_count)
69 {
70 1 size_t colors_seen = 0;
71
72
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257 for (size_t i = 0; i < AVPALETTE_COUNT; i++) {
73 256 int seen = 0;
74
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32896 for (size_t c = 0; c < colors_seen; c++) {
75
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32640 if (src[i] == dst[c]) {
76 seen = 1;
77 break;
78 }
79 }
80
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256 if (!seen) {
81 256 dst[colors_seen] = src[i];
82 256 map[i] = colors_seen;
83 256 colors_seen++;
84 }
85 }
86
87 1 *palette_count = colors_seen;
88 1 }
89
90 1 static void remap_frame_to_palette(const uint8_t *src, int src_linesize,
91 uint8_t *dst, int dst_linesize,
92 int w, int h, uint8_t *map)
93 {
94
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218 for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
95
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47306 for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
96 47089 dst[i * dst_linesize + j] = map[src[i * src_linesize + j]];
97 1 }
98
99 1063 static int is_image_translucent(AVCodecContext *avctx,
100 const uint8_t *buf, const int linesize)
101 {
102 1063 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
103 1063 int trans = s->transparent_index;
104
105
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1063 if (trans < 0)
106 1063 return 0;
107
108 for (int y = 0; y < avctx->height; y++) {
109 for (int x = 0; x < avctx->width; x++) {
110 if (buf[x] == trans) {
111 return 1;
112 }
113 }
114 buf += linesize;
115 }
116
117 return 0;
118 }
119
120 39 static int get_palette_transparency_index(const uint32_t *palette)
121 {
122 39 int transparent_color_index = -1;
123 39 unsigned i, smallest_alpha = 0xff;
124
125
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39 if (!palette)
126 30 return -1;
127
128
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2313 for (i = 0; i < AVPALETTE_COUNT; i++) {
129 2304 const uint32_t v = palette[i];
130
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2304 if (v >> 24 < smallest_alpha) {
131 2 smallest_alpha = v >> 24;
132 2 transparent_color_index = i;
133 }
134 }
135
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9 return smallest_alpha < 128 ? transparent_color_index : -1;
136 }
137
138 1056 static int pick_palette_entry(const uint8_t *buf, int linesize, int w, int h)
139 {
140 1056 int histogram[AVPALETTE_COUNT] = {0};
141 int x, y, i;
142
143
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33543 for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
144
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3190262 for (x = 0; x < w; x++)
145 3157775 histogram[buf[x]]++;
146 32487 buf += linesize;
147 }
148
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7312 for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(histogram); i++)
149
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7288 if (!histogram[i])
150 1032 return i;
151 24 return -1;
152 }
153
154 static void gif_crop_translucent(AVCodecContext *avctx,
155 const uint8_t *buf, const int linesize,
156 int *width, int *height,
157 int *x_start, int *y_start)
158 {
159 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
160 int trans = s->transparent_index;
161
162 /* Crop image */
163 if ((s->flags & GF_OFFSETTING) && trans >= 0) {
164 const int w = avctx->width;
165 const int h = avctx->height;
166 int x_end = w - 1,
167 y_end = h - 1;
168
169 // crop top
170 while (*y_start < y_end) {
171 int is_trans = 1;
172 for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
173 if (buf[linesize * *y_start + i] != trans) {
174 is_trans = 0;
175 break;
176 }
177 }
178
179 if (!is_trans)
180 break;
181 (*y_start)++;
182 }
183
184 // crop bottom
185 while (y_end > *y_start) {
186 int is_trans = 1;
187 for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
188 if (buf[linesize * y_end + i] != trans) {
189 is_trans = 0;
190 break;
191 }
192 }
193 if (!is_trans)
194 break;
195 y_end--;
196 }
197
198 // crop left
199 while (*x_start < x_end) {
200 int is_trans = 1;
201 for (int i = *y_start; i < y_end; i++) {
202 if (buf[linesize * i + *x_start] != trans) {
203 is_trans = 0;
204 break;
205 }
206 }
207 if (!is_trans)
208 break;
209 (*x_start)++;
210 }
211
212 // crop right
213 while (x_end > *x_start) {
214 int is_trans = 1;
215 for (int i = *y_start; i < y_end; i++) {
216 if (buf[linesize * i + x_end] != trans) {
217 is_trans = 0;
218 break;
219 }
220 }
221 if (!is_trans)
222 break;
223 x_end--;
224 }
225
226 *height = y_end + 1 - *y_start;
227 *width = x_end + 1 - *x_start;
228 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG,"%dx%d image at pos (%d;%d) [area:%dx%d]\n",
229 *width, *height, *x_start, *y_start, avctx->width, avctx->height);
230 }
231 }
232
233 1063 static void gif_crop_opaque(AVCodecContext *avctx,
234 const uint32_t *palette,
235 const uint8_t *buf, const int linesize,
236 int *width, int *height, int *x_start, int *y_start)
237 {
238 1063 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
239
240 /* Crop image */
241
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1063 if ((s->flags & GF_OFFSETTING) && s->last_frame && !palette) {
242 1056 const uint8_t *ref = s->last_frame->data[0];
243 1056 const int ref_linesize = s->last_frame->linesize[0];
244 1056 int x_end = avctx->width - 1,
245 1056 y_end = avctx->height - 1;
246
247 /* skip common lines */
248
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100704 while (*y_start < y_end) {
249
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100704 if (memcmp(ref + *y_start*ref_linesize, buf + *y_start*linesize, *width))
250 1056 break;
251 99648 (*y_start)++;
252 }
253
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99777 while (y_end > *y_start) {
254
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99777 if (memcmp(ref + y_end*ref_linesize, buf + y_end*linesize, *width))
255 1056 break;
256 98721 y_end--;
257 }
258 1056 *height = y_end + 1 - *y_start;
259
260 /* skip common columns */
261
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96923 while (*x_start < x_end) {
262 96923 int same_column = 1;
263
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2498501 for (int y = *y_start; y <= y_end; y++) {
264
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2402634 if (ref[y*ref_linesize + *x_start] != buf[y*linesize + *x_start]) {
265 1056 same_column = 0;
266 1056 break;
267 }
268 }
269
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96923 if (!same_column)
270 1056 break;
271 95867 (*x_start)++;
272 }
273
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104460 while (x_end > *x_start) {
274 104460 int same_column = 1;
275
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2546113 for (int y = *y_start; y <= y_end; y++) {
276
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2442709 if (ref[y*ref_linesize + x_end] != buf[y*linesize + x_end]) {
277 1056 same_column = 0;
278 1056 break;
279 }
280 }
281
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104460 if (!same_column)
282 1056 break;
283 103404 x_end--;
284 }
285 1056 *width = x_end + 1 - *x_start;
286
287 1056 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG,"%dx%d image at pos (%d;%d) [area:%dx%d]\n",
288 *width, *height, *x_start, *y_start, avctx->width, avctx->height);
289 }
290 1063 }
291
292 1063 static int gif_image_write_image(AVCodecContext *avctx,
293 uint8_t **bytestream, uint8_t *end,
294 const uint32_t *palette,
295 const uint8_t *buf, const int linesize,
296 AVPacket *pkt)
297 {
298 1063 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
299 1063 int disposal, len = 0, height = avctx->height, width = avctx->width, x, y;
300 1063 int x_start = 0, y_start = 0, trans = s->transparent_index;
301
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1063 int bcid = -1, honor_transparency = (s->flags & GF_TRANSDIFF) && s->last_frame && !palette;
302 const uint8_t *ptr;
303 uint32_t shrunk_palette[AVPALETTE_COUNT];
304 1063 uint8_t map[AVPALETTE_COUNT] = { 0 };
305 1063 size_t shrunk_palette_count = 0;
306
307 /*
308 * We memset to 0xff instead of 0x00 so that the transparency detection
309 * doesn't pick anything after the palette entries as the transparency
310 * index, and because GIF89a requires us to always write a power-of-2
311 * number of palette entries.
312 */
313 1063 memset(shrunk_palette, 0xff, AVPALETTE_SIZE);
314
315
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1063 if (!s->image && is_image_translucent(avctx, buf, linesize)) {
316 gif_crop_translucent(avctx, buf, linesize, &width, &height, &x_start, &y_start);
317 honor_transparency = 0;
318 disposal = GCE_DISPOSAL_BACKGROUND;
319 } else {
320 1063 gif_crop_opaque(avctx, palette, buf, linesize, &width, &height, &x_start, &y_start);
321 1063 disposal = GCE_DISPOSAL_INPLACE;
322 }
323
324
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1063 if (s->image || !avctx->frame_num) { /* GIF header */
325
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7 const uint32_t *global_palette = palette ? palette : s->palette;
326 7 const AVRational sar = avctx->sample_aspect_ratio;
327 7 int64_t aspect = 0;
328
329
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7 if (sar.num > 0 && sar.den > 0) {
330 aspect = sar.num * 64LL / sar.den - 15;
331 if (aspect < 0 || aspect > 255)
332 aspect = 0;
333 }
334
335 7 bytestream_put_buffer(bytestream, gif89a_sig, sizeof(gif89a_sig));
336 7 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, avctx->width);
337 7 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, avctx->height);
338
339 7 bcid = get_palette_transparency_index(global_palette);
340
341
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7 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, ((uint8_t) s->use_global_palette << 7) | 0x70 | (s->use_global_palette ? 7 : 0)); /* flags: global clut, 256 entries */
342
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7 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, bcid < 0 ? DEFAULT_TRANSPARENCY_INDEX : bcid); /* background color index */
343 7 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, aspect);
344
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7 if (s->use_global_palette) {
345
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1799 for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
346 1792 const uint32_t v = global_palette[i] & 0xffffff;
347 1792 bytestream_put_be24(bytestream, v);
348 }
349 }
350 }
351
352
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1063 if (honor_transparency && trans < 0) {
353 1056 trans = pick_palette_entry(buf + y_start*linesize + x_start,
354 linesize, width, height);
355
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1056 if (trans < 0) // TODO, patch welcome
356 24 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "No available color, can not use transparency\n");
357 }
358
359
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1063 if (trans < 0)
360 31 honor_transparency = 0;
361
362
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1063 if (palette || !s->use_global_palette) {
363
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1 const uint32_t *pal = palette ? palette : s->palette;
364 1 shrink_palette(pal, map, shrunk_palette, &shrunk_palette_count);
365 }
366
367
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1063 bcid = honor_transparency || disposal == GCE_DISPOSAL_BACKGROUND ? trans : get_palette_transparency_index(palette);
368
369 /* graphic control extension */
370 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, GIF_EXTENSION_INTRODUCER);
371 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, GIF_GCE_EXT_LABEL);
372 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 0x04); /* block size */
373 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, disposal<<2 | (bcid >= 0));
374 1063 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, 5); // default delay
375
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1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, bcid < 0 ? DEFAULT_TRANSPARENCY_INDEX : (shrunk_palette_count ? map[bcid] : bcid));
376 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 0x00);
377
378 /* image block */
379 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, GIF_IMAGE_SEPARATOR);
380 1063 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, x_start);
381 1063 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, y_start);
382 1063 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, width);
383 1063 bytestream_put_le16(bytestream, height);
384
385
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1064 if (palette || !s->use_global_palette) {
386 1 unsigned pow2_count = av_log2(shrunk_palette_count - 1);
387 unsigned i;
388
389 1 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 1<<7 | pow2_count); /* flags */
390
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257 for (i = 0; i < 1 << (pow2_count + 1); i++) {
391 256 const uint32_t v = shrunk_palette[i];
392 256 bytestream_put_be24(bytestream, v);
393 }
394 } else {
395 1062 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 0x00); /* flags */
396 }
397
398 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 0x08);
399
400 1063 ff_lzw_encode_init(s->lzw, s->buf, s->buf_size,
401 12, FF_LZW_GIF, 1);
402
403
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1063 if (shrunk_palette_count) {
404
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1 if (!s->shrunk_buf) {
405 1 s->shrunk_buf = av_malloc(avctx->height * linesize);
406
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1 if (!s->shrunk_buf) {
407 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Could not allocated remapped frame buffer.\n");
408 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
409 }
410 }
411 1 remap_frame_to_palette(buf, linesize, s->shrunk_buf, linesize, avctx->width, avctx->height, map);
412 1 ptr = s->shrunk_buf + y_start*linesize + x_start;
413 } else {
414 1062 ptr = buf + y_start*linesize + x_start;
415 }
416
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1063 if (honor_transparency) {
417 1032 const int ref_linesize = s->last_frame->linesize[0];
418 1032 const uint8_t *ref = s->last_frame->data[0] + y_start*ref_linesize + x_start;
419
420
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26607 for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
421 25575 memcpy(s->tmpl, ptr, width);
422
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750326 for (x = 0; x < width; x++)
423
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724751 if (ref[x] == ptr[x])
424 367271 s->tmpl[x] = trans;
425 25575 len += ff_lzw_encode(s->lzw, s->tmpl, width);
426 25575 ptr += linesize;
427 25575 ref += ref_linesize;
428 }
429 } else {
430
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8533 for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
431 8502 len += ff_lzw_encode(s->lzw, ptr, width);
432 8502 ptr += linesize;
433 }
434 }
435 1063 len += ff_lzw_encode_flush(s->lzw);
436
437 1063 ptr = s->buf;
438
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10314 while (len > 0) {
439 9251 int size = FFMIN(255, len);
440 9251 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, size);
441
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9251 if (end - *bytestream < size)
442 return -1;
443 9251 bytestream_put_buffer(bytestream, ptr, size);
444 9251 ptr += size;
445 9251 len -= size;
446 }
447 1063 bytestream_put_byte(bytestream, 0x00); /* end of image block */
448 1063 return 0;
449 }
450
451 7 static av_cold int gif_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
452 {
453 7 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
454
455
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7 if (avctx->width > 65535 || avctx->height > 65535) {
456 av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "GIF does not support resolutions above 65535x65535\n");
457 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
458 }
459
460 7 s->transparent_index = -1;
461
462 7 s->lzw = av_mallocz(ff_lzw_encode_state_size);
463 7 s->buf_size = avctx->width*avctx->height*2 + 1000;
464 7 s->buf = av_malloc(s->buf_size);
465 7 s->tmpl = av_malloc(avctx->width);
466
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7 if (!s->tmpl || !s->buf || !s->lzw)
467 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
468
469
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7 if (avpriv_set_systematic_pal2(s->palette, avctx->pix_fmt) < 0)
470
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1 av_assert0(avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8);
471
472 7 return 0;
473 }
474
475 1063 static int gif_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVPacket *pkt,
476 const AVFrame *pict, int *got_packet)
477 {
478 1063 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
479 uint8_t *outbuf_ptr, *end;
480 1063 const uint32_t *palette = NULL;
481 int ret;
482
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1063 if ((ret = ff_alloc_packet(avctx, pkt, avctx->width*avctx->height*7/5 + FF_INPUT_BUFFER_MIN_SIZE)) < 0)
484 return ret;
485 1063 outbuf_ptr = pkt->data;
486 1063 end = pkt->data + pkt->size;
487
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1063 if (avctx->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8) {
489 173 palette = (uint32_t*)pict->data[1];
490
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173 if (!s->palette_loaded) {
492 1 memcpy(s->palette, palette, AVPALETTE_SIZE);
493 1 s->transparent_index = get_palette_transparency_index(palette);
494 1 s->palette_loaded = 1;
495
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172 } else if (!memcmp(s->palette, palette, AVPALETTE_SIZE)) {
496 172 palette = NULL;
497 }
498 }
499
500 1063 gif_image_write_image(avctx, &outbuf_ptr, end, palette,
501 1063 pict->data[0], pict->linesize[0], pkt);
502
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1063 if (!s->last_frame && !s->image) {
503 7 s->last_frame = av_frame_alloc();
504
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7 if (!s->last_frame)
505 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
506 }
507
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1063 if (!s->image) {
509 1063 ret = av_frame_replace(s->last_frame, pict);
510
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1063 if (ret < 0)
511 return ret;
512 }
513
514 1063 pkt->size = outbuf_ptr - pkt->data;
515
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1063 if (s->image || !avctx->frame_num)
516 7 pkt->flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
517 1063 *got_packet = 1;
518
519 1063 return 0;
520 }
521
522 7 static av_cold int gif_encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
523 {
524 7 GIFContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
525
526 7 av_freep(&s->lzw);
527 7 av_freep(&s->buf);
528 7 av_freep(&s->shrunk_buf);
529 7 s->buf_size = 0;
530 7 av_frame_free(&s->last_frame);
531 7 av_freep(&s->tmpl);
532 7 return 0;
533 }
534
535 #define OFFSET(x) offsetof(GIFContext, x)
536 #define FLAGS AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM
537 static const AVOption gif_options[] = {
538 { "gifflags", "set GIF flags", OFFSET(flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, {.i64 = GF_OFFSETTING|GF_TRANSDIFF}, 0, INT_MAX, FLAGS, .unit = "flags" },
539 { "offsetting", "enable picture offsetting", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=GF_OFFSETTING}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, FLAGS, .unit = "flags" },
540 { "transdiff", "enable transparency detection between frames", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=GF_TRANSDIFF}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, FLAGS, .unit = "flags" },
541 { "gifimage", "enable encoding only images per frame", OFFSET(image), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64=0}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
542 { "global_palette", "write a palette to the global gif header where feasible", OFFSET(use_global_palette), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
543 { NULL }
544 };
545
546 static const AVClass gif_class = {
547 .class_name = "GIF encoder",
548 .item_name = av_default_item_name,
549 .option = gif_options,
550 .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
551 };
552
553 const FFCodec ff_gif_encoder = {
554 .p.name = "gif",
555 CODEC_LONG_NAME("GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)"),
556 .p.type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
557 .p.id = AV_CODEC_ID_GIF,
558 .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1 | AV_CODEC_CAP_ENCODER_REORDERED_OPAQUE,
559 .priv_data_size = sizeof(GIFContext),
560 .init = gif_encode_init,
561 FF_CODEC_ENCODE_CB(gif_encode_frame),
562 .close = gif_encode_close,
563 CODEC_PIXFMTS(AV_PIX_FMT_RGB8, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR8, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB4_BYTE,
564 AV_PIX_FMT_BGR4_BYTE, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8, AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8),
565 .p.priv_class = &gif_class,
566 .caps_internal = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,
567 };
568